TCPLAY(8)

NAME
tcplay - tool to manage TrueCrypt volumes

SYNOPSIS
tcplay -c -d device [-g] [-z] [-w] [-a pbkdf_hash] [-b cipher] [-f keyfile_hidden] [-k keyfile] [-x pbkdf_hash] [-y cipher]
tcplay -i -d device [-e] [-p] [-f keyfile_hidden] [-k keyfile] [-s system_device] [--fde] [--use-backup] [--use-hdr-file hdr_file] [--use-hidden-hdr-file hdr_file]
tcplay -j mapping
tcplay -m mapping -d device [-e] [-p] [-f keyfile_hidden] [-k keyfile] [-s system_device] [-t] [--fde] [--use-backup] [--use-hdr-file hdr_file] [--use-hidden-hdr-file hdr_file]
tcplay --modify -d device [-k keyfile] [--new-keyfile new_keyfile] [--new-pbkdf-prf pbkdf_hash] [-s system_device] [--fde] [--use-backup] [--use-hdr-file hdr_file] [--use-hidden-hdr-file hdr_file] [--save-hdr-backup hdr_file] [-w]
tcplay --modify -d device [-k keyfile] --restore-from-backup-hdr [-w]
tcplay -u mapping
tcplay -h | -v

DESCRIPTION
The tcplay utility provides full support for creating and opening/mapping TrueCrypt-compatible volumes. It supports the following commands, each with a set of options detailed further below:

-c, --create
    Create a new encrypted TrueCrypt volume on the device specified by --device.

-h, --help
    Print help message and exit.

-i, --info
    Print out information about the encrypted device specified by --device.

-j mapping, --info-mapped=mapping
    Print out information about the mapped tcplay volume specified by mapping. Information such as key CRC and the PBKDF2 PRF is not available via this command.

--modify
    Modify the volume header. This mode allows changing passphrase, keyfiles, PBKDF2 PRF as well as restoring from a backup header.

-m mapping, --map=mapping
    Map the encrypted TrueCrypt volume on the device specified by --device as a dm(4) mapping called mapping. The mapping argument should not contain any spaces or special characters.

-u mapping, --unmap=mapping
    Removes (unmaps) the dm(4) mapping specified by mapping as well as any related cascade mappings. If you mapped a volume using full disk encryption and created mapping for individual partitions using kpartx(8), you must remove these prior to unmapping the volume.

-v, --version
    Print version message and exit.

Options common to all commands are:

-d device, --device=device
    Specifies the disk device on which the TrueCrypt volume resides/will reside. This option is mandatory for all commands.

-f keyfile_hidden, --keyfile-hidden=keyfile_hidden
    Specifies a keyfile to use in addition to the passphrase when either creating a hidden volume or when protecting a hidden volume while mapping or querying the outer volume. If you only intend to map a hidden volume, the --keyfile option has to be used. This option can appear multiple times; if so, multiple keyfiles will be used. This option is not valid in the --modify mode.

-k keyfile, --keyfile=keyfile
    Specifies a keyfile to use in addition to the passphrase. This option can appear multiple times; if so, multiple keyfiles will be used.

Additional options for the --create command are:

-a pbkdf_hash, --pbkdf-prf=pbkdf_hash
    Specifies which hash algorithm to use for the PBKDF2 password derivation. To see which algorithms are supported, specify --pbkdf-prf=help.

-b cipher, --cipher=cipher
    Specifies which cipher algorithm or cascade of ciphers to use to encrypt the new volume. To see which algorithms are supported, specify --cipher=help.

-g, --hidden
    Specifies that the newly created volume will contain a hidden volume. The keyfiles applied to the passphrase for the hidden volume are those specified by --keyfile-hidden. The user will be prompted for the size of the hidden volume interactively.

-w, --weak-keys
    Use urandom(4) for key material instead of a strong entropy source. This is in general a really bad idea and should only be used for testing.

-x pbkdf_hash, --pbkdf-prf-hidden=pbkdf_hash
    Specifies which hash algorithm to use for the PBKDF2 password derivation for the hidden volume. Only valid in conjunction with --hidden. If no algorithm is specified, the same as for the outer volume will be used. To see which algorithms are supported, specify --pbkdf-prf-hidden=help.

-y cipher, --cipher-hidden=cipher
    Specifies which cipher algorithm or cascade of ciphers to use to encrypt the hidden volume on the new TrueCrypt volume. Only valid in conjunction with --hidden. If no cipher is specified, the same as for the outer volume will be used. To see which algorithms are supported, specify --cipher-hidden=help.

-z, --insecure-erase
    Skips the secure erase of the disk. Use this option carefully as it is a security risk!

Additional options for the --info, --map and --modify commands are:

-e, --protect-hidden
    Specifies that an outer volume will be queried or mapped, but its reported size will be adjusted accordingly to the size of the hidden volume contained in it. Both the hidden volume and outer volume passphrase and keyfiles will be required. This option only applies to the --info and --map commands.

-p, --prompt-passphrase
    This option causes tcplay to prompt for a passphrase immediately, even if a keyfile is provided. Normally, if a keyfile is supplied, tcplay will first attempt to unlock the volume using only the keyfile, and only prompt for a passphrase if that first unlocking attempt fails. However, since a failed unlocking attempt can take a non-trivial amount of time, specifying this option can reduce the total unlocking time if both a keyfile and passphrase are required. This option only makes sense if -k or -f are used.

-s system_device, --system-encryption=system_device
    This option is required if you are attempting to access a device that uses system encryption, for example an encrypted Windows system partition. It does not apply to disks using full disk encryption. The --device option will point at the actual encrypted partition, while the system_device argument will point to the parent device (i.e. underlying physical disk) of the encrypted partition.

--fde
    This option is intended to be used with disks using full disk encryption (FDE). When a disk has been encrypted using TrueCrypt's FDE, the complete disk is encrypted except for the first 63 sectors. The --device option should point to the whole disk device, not to any particular partition. The resultant mapping will cover the whole disk, and will not appear as separate partitions. To access individual partitions after mapping, kpartx(8) can be used.

--use-backup
    This option is intended to be used when the primary headers of a volume have been corrupted. This option will force tcplay to use the backup headers, which are located at the end of the device, to access the volume.

Additional options only for the --map command are:

-t, --allow-trim
    This option enables TRIM (discard) support on the mapped volume.

Additional options only for the --modify command are:

--new-pbkdf-prf=pbkdf_hash
    Specifies which hash algorithm to use for the PBKDF2 password derivation on reencrypting the volume header. If this option is not specified, the reencrypted header will use the current PRF. To see which algorithms are supported, specify --pbkdf-prf=help.

--new-keyfile=keyfile
    Specifies a keyfile to use in addition to the new passphrase on reencrypting the volume header. This option can appear multiple times; if so, multiple keyfiles will be used.

--restore-from-backup-hdr
    If this option is specified, neither --new-pbkdf-prf nor --new-keyfile should be specified. This option implies --use-backup. Use this option to restore the volume headers from the backup header.

Sending a SIGINFO or SIGUSR1 signal to a running tcplay process makes it print progress on slower tasks such as gathering entropy or wiping the volume.

NOTES
TrueCrypt limits passphrases to 64 characters (including the terminating null character). To be compatible with it, tcplay does the same. All passphrases (excluding keyfiles) are trimmed to 64 characters. Similarly, keyfiles are limited to a size of 1 MB, but up to 256 keyfiles can be used.

PLAUSIBLE DENIABILITY
tcplay offers plausible deniability. Hidden volumes are created within an outer volume. Which volume is accessed solely depends on the passphrase and keyfile(s) used. If the passphrase and keyfiles for the outer volume are specified, no information about the existance of the hidden volume is exposed. Without knowledge of the passphrase and keyfile(s) of the hidden volume its existence remains unexposed. The hidden volume can be protected when mapping the outer volume by using the --protect-hidden option and specifying the passphrase and keyfiles for both the outer and hidden volumes.

VERACRYPT SUPPORT
tcplay offers both legacy TrueCrypt as well as VeraCrypt support. When creating a new volume, the selected PBKDF2 PRF determines whether the volume will use the TrueCrypt or VeraCrypt format. The formats are identical other than the rounds of the key derivation functions as well as the volume signature and minver fields in the header. Converting volumes from one format or another using tcplay is simply a matter of using the --modify option specifying a PBKDF2 PRF hash matching the intended target format with the --new-pbkdf-prf argument.

PBKDF2 PRFs suffixed with -VC are VeraCrypt PRFs, whilst all others are legacy TrueCrypt PRFs. By default, new volumes are created with a VeraCrypt PRF to offer better security.

NOTE: Failed unlocking attempts even for legacy TrueCrypt volumes now take significantly longer than before, as tcplay will cycle through all PRFs, including the VeraCrypt PRFs with much higher number of PRF iterations. Successful attempts should still take the same amount of time as before, as the legacy PRF settings are tried first. One notable exception is if both a keyfile and a passphrase is required. Normally, tcplay would first attempt an unlock attempt with just the keyfile, and only prompt for a passphrase after that attempt failed. If it is known in advance that both a keyfile and passphrase are required to unlock a volume, the -p option to --info and --map can more than halve the time required to unlock the volume.

EXAMPLES
Create a new TrueCrypt volume on /dev/vn0 using the cipher cascade of AES and Twofish and the Whirlpool hash algorithm for PBKDF2 password derivation and two keyfiles, one.key and two.key:

tcplay --create --device=/dev/vn0 --cipher=TWOFISH-256-XTS,AES-256-XTS --pbkdf-prf=whirlpool --keyfile=one.key --keyfile=two.key

Map the outer volume on the TrueCrypt volume on /dev/vn0 as truecrypt1, but protect the hidden volume, using the keyfile hidden.key, from being overwritten:

tcplay --map=truecrypt1 --device=/dev/vn0 --protect-hidden --keyfile-hidden=hidden.key

Map the hidden volume on the TrueCrypt volume on /dev/vn0 as truecrypt2, using the keyfile hidden.key:

tcplay --map=truecrypt2 --device=/dev/vn0 --keyfile=hidden.key

Map and mount the volume in the file secvol on Linux:

losetup /dev/loop1 secvol

tcplay --map=secv --device=/dev/loop1

mount /dev/mapper/secv /mnt

Similarly on DragonFly:

vnconfig vn1 secvol

tcplay --map=secv --device=/dev/vn1

mount /dev/mapper/secv /mnt

Unmapping the volume truecrypt2 on both Linux and DragonFly after unmounting:

dmsetup remove truecrypt2

Or alternatively:

tcplay --unmap=truecrypt2

A hidden volume whose existance can be plausibly denied and its outer volume can for example be created with

tcplay --create --hidden --device=/dev/loop0 --cipher=TWOFISH-256-XTS,AES-256-XTS --pbkdf-prf=whirlpool --keyfile=one.key --cipher-hidden=AES-256-XTS --pbkdf-prf-hidden=whirlpool --keyfile-hidden=hidden.key

tcplay will prompt the user for the passphrase for both the outer and hidden volume as well as the size of the hidden volume inside the outer volume. The hidden volume will be created inside the area spanned by the outer volume. The hidden volume can optionally use a different cipher and prf function as specified by the --cipher-hidden and --pbkdf-prf-hidden options. Which volume is later accessed depends only on which passphrase and keyfile(s) are being used, so that the existance of the hidden volume remains unknown without knowledge of the passphrase and keyfile it is protected by since it is located within the outer volume. To map the outer volume without potentially damaging the hidden volume, the passphrase and keyfile(s) of the hidden volume must be known and provided alongside the --protect-hidden option.

A disk encrypted using full disk encryption can be mapped using

tcplay --map=tcplay_sdb --device=/dev/sdb --fde

To access individual partitions on the now mapped disk, the following command will generate mappings for each individual partition on the encrypted disk:

kpartx --av /dev/mapper/tcplay_sdb

To restore the main volume header from the backup header, the following command can be used:

tcplay --modify --device=/dev/sdb --restore-from-backup-hdr

As with most other commands, which header is saved (used as source) depends on the passphrase and keyfiles used.

To save a backup copy of a header, the following command can be used:

tcplay --modify --device=/dev/sdb --save-hdr-backup=/tmp/sdb_backup_header.hdr

As with most other commands, which header is saved (used as source) depends on the passphrase and keyfiles used.

To restore a header from a backup header file, the following command can be used:

tcplay --modify -use-hdr-file=/tmp/sdb_backup_header.hdr

Similarly, to restore a hidden header from a backup header file:

tcplay --modify -use-hidden-hdr-file=/tmp/sdb_backup_hidden_header.hdr

Which header is used as the source of the operation will still depend on the passphrase and keyfiles used. Even if you use the --use-hidden-hdr-file option, if you specify the passphrase and keyfiles for the main header, the main header will be used instead.

SEE ALSO
crypttab(5), cryptsetup(8), dmsetup(8), kpartx(8)

HISTORY
The tcplay utility appeared in DragonFly 2.11.

AUTHORS
Alex Hornung